Teeb taub hau.
Automotive headlights feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm peb qhov chaw: lub teeb pom kev zoo, reflector thiab daim iav sib xws (astigmatism mirror).
1. noob
Cov qhov muag teev uas siv nyob rau hauv lub tsheb headlights yog incandescent qhov muag teev, halogen tungsten qhov muag teev, tshiab high-brightness arc teeb thiab hais txog.
(1) Incandescent noob: nws filament yog ua los ntawm tungsten hlau (tungsten muaj lub siab melting point thiab lub teeb muaj zog). Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb, lub noob tau ntim nrog cov roj inert (nitrogen thiab nws qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov roj inert). Qhov no tuaj yeem txo cov evaporation ntawm tungsten hlau, nce qhov kub ntawm cov filament, thiab txhim khu cov luminous efficiency. Lub teeb los ntawm lub teeb incandescent muaj yellowish tinge.
(2) Tungsten halide teeb: tungsten halide lub teeb yog muab tso rau hauv cov roj inert rau hauv ib qho halide caij (xws li iodine, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, thiab lwm yam), siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tungsten halide recycling cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yog, gaseous tungsten evaporating los ntawm filament reacts nrog lub halogen los tsim ib tug volatile tungsten halide, uas diffuses mus rau qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm lub filament, thiab decomposed los ntawm tshav kub, yog li ntawd cov tungsten rov qab mus rau lub filament. Cov halogen tso tawm txuas ntxiv mus txuas ntxiv thiab koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub voj voog tom ntej, yog li lub voj voog txuas ntxiv, yog li tiv thaiv cov evaporation ntawm tungsten thiab blackening ntawm lub teeb. Tungsten halogen lub teeb me me yog me me, lub teeb lub plhaub yog ua los ntawm quartz iav nrog kub tsis kam thiab siab mechanical zog, nyob rau hauv tib lub hwj chim, lub brightness ntawm tungsten halogen teeb yog 1.5 npaug ntawm lub teeb incandescent, thiab lub neej yog 2 mus rau 3x ntev.
(3) Tshiab high-brightness arc teeb: Lub teeb no tsis muaj ib txwm filament nyob rau hauv lub teeb. Hloov chaw, ob lub electrodes tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub raj quartz. Lub raj yog ntim nrog xenon thiab kab hlau (los yog hlau halides), thiab thaum muaj txaus arc voltage ntawm lub electrode (5000 ~ 12000V), cov roj pib ionize thiab ua hluav taws xob. Cov roj atoms nyob rau hauv lub xeev zoo siab thiab pib emit lub teeb vim lub zog theem ntawm cov electrons. Tom qab 0.1s, me me ntawm mercury vapor yog evaporated nruab nrab ntawm cov electrodes, thiab lub hwj huam mov yog tam sim ntawd hloov mus rau mercury vapor arc tawm, thiab ces pauv mus rau lub halide arc teeb tom qab kub nce. Tom qab lub teeb ncav cuag qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb, lub zog ntawm kev tswj cov arc tawm yog tsawg heev (txog 35w), yog li 40% ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem txuag tau.
2. reflector
Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub reflector yog ua kom lub polymerization ntawm lub teeb emitted los ntawm lub teeb mus rau hauv ib tug muaj zog beam kom nce lub irradiation nrug.
Cov duab saum npoo ntawm daim iav yog qhov sib hloov paraboloid, feem ntau ua los ntawm 0.6 ~ 0.8mm nyias steel ntawv stamping lossis ua los ntawm iav, yas. Sab hauv yog plated nrog nyiaj, aluminium lossis chrome thiab tom qab ntawd polished; Lub filament yog nyob rau ntawm lub focal point ntawm daim iav, thiab feem ntau ntawm nws lub teeb rays yog reflected thiab tua tawm mus rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb li parallel beams. Lub teeb tsis muaj daim iav tuaj yeem pom qhov deb li ntawm 6m, thiab lub teeb sib luag uas pom los ntawm daim iav tuaj yeem pom qhov deb ntawm ntau tshaj 100m. Tom qab daim iav, muaj ib qho me me ntawm lub teeb tawg, uas qhov nce siab yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab lub teeb sab nraud thiab sab qis yuav pab kom pom kev ntawm txoj kev ntog thiab kev thaiv ntawm 5 mus rau 10m.
3. Lens
Pantoscope, tseem hu ua astigmatic iav, yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm ob peb qhov tshwj xeeb prisms thiab lo ntsiab muag, thiab cov duab feem ntau yog ncig thiab duab plaub. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm daim iav sib txuam yog txhawm rau txhawm rau lub teeb ci sib luag uas pom los ntawm daim iav, kom txoj kev nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsheb muaj teeb pom kev zoo thiab teeb pom kev zoo.
xaiv
Lub headlamp optical system yog ib qho ua ke ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab daim iav sib xws. Raws li cov qauv sib txawv ntawm lub taub hau kho qhov muag, lub teeb taub hau tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: semi-kaw, kaw thiab projective.
1. Semi-enclosed headlight
Semi-kaw headlamp teeb pom kev zoo daim iav thiab daim iav lo ua ke tsis tuaj yeem disassembled, lub teeb lub teeb tuaj yeem thauj khoom los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm daim iav, qhov zoo dua ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo yog tias cov filament hlawv tsuas yog yuav tsum tau hloov lub teeb, qhov tsis zoo yog qhov tsis zoo sealing. . Lub teeb taub hau ua ke ua ke lub teeb liab tig rau pem hauv ntej, lub teeb dav pem hauv ntej, lub teeb ci siab thiab lub teeb qis rau hauv tag nrho, thaum lub teeb pom kev thiab lub pantoscope tau ua rau tag nrho siv cov khoom siv organic, thiab lub teeb tuaj yeem yooj yim thauj khoom los ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo. rov qab. Nrog cov teeb taws ua ke, cov tuam txhab tsim tsheb tuaj yeem tsim txhua hom teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub lens ntawm kev thov txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho lub tsheb aerodynamic yam ntxwv, roj kev lag luam thiab tsheb styling.
2. Lub teeb taub hau kaw
Cov teeb hauv lub taub hau kuj tau muab faib ua cov teeb pom kev zoo hauv lub taub hau thiab cov teeb ci halogen.
Lub tshuab kho qhov muag ntawm tus qauv kaw lub taub hau yog fuse thiab vuam cov reflector thiab daim iav txuam rau hauv ib qho tag nrho los tsim lub teeb vaj tsev, thiab cov filament yog welded rau lub reflector puag. Lub reflector nto yog aluminized los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab lub teeb yog ntim nrog inert gas thiab halogen. Qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv no yog kev sib khi zoo, daim iav yuav tsis muaj kuab lom los ntawm huab cua, kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab cov filament raug hlawv, tag nrho pawg teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum tau hloov, thiab tus nqi ntau dua.
3. Projective headlamp
Optical system ntawm projective headlamp yog tsim los ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, reflector, shading daim iav thiab convex txuam daim iav. Siv daim iav tuab heev uas tsis yog-engraved convex, daim iav yog oval. Yog li nws sab nraud txoj kab uas hla yog me me heev. Projective headlights muaj ob lub ntsiab lus focal, thawj qhov ua kom pom tseeb yog lub teeb thiab qhov thib ob tsom rau hauv lub teeb. Tsom ntsoov rau lub teeb los ntawm daim iav convex thiab muab pov rau hauv qhov deb. Nws qhov zoo dua yog tias kev ua kom pom tseeb yog qhov zoo, thiab nws txoj kev teeb pom kev zoo yog:
(1) Lub teeb emissions mus rau sab sauv ntawm lub qhov muag teev dhau los ntawm lub reflector mus rau qhov thib ob tsom, thiab tsom mus rau qhov deb ntawm lub convex txuam daim iav.
(2) Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub teeb tawm mus rau sab qis ntawm lub teeb pom kev los ntawm daim iav npog, rov qab mus rau lub reflector thiab tom qab ntawd muab pov rau qhov thib ob tsom, thiab tsom mus rau qhov kev ncua deb ntawm daim iav sib txuam.
Hauv kev siv lub tsheb, qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub teeb taub hau yog: ob qho tib si kom muaj teeb pom kev zoo, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom qhov muag tsis pom tus neeg tsav tsheb, yog li kev siv lub teeb taub hau yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
(1) Khaws lub taub hau pantoscope kom huv si, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsav tsheb hauv nag thiab daus, av thiab av yuav txo cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub taub hau los ntawm 50%. Qee cov qauv tau nruab nrog lub taub hau wipers thiab cov tshuaj tsuag dej.
(2) Thaum ob lub tsheb sib ntsib thaum hmo ntuj, ob lub tsheb yuav tsum tua lub teeb siab ntawm lub taub hau thiab hloov mus rau lub teeb nyob ze kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tsav tsheb.
(3) Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub teeb taub hau, lub teeb lub taub hau yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab kho tom qab lub teeb taub hau hloov lossis tom qab lub tsheb tau tsav 10,000 km.
(4) Tsis tu ncua xyuas lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov kab hluav taws xob thiab lub hauv paus hlau rau oxidation thiab loosening, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib cuag tau zoo thiab lub hauv paus hlau yog txhim khu kev qha. Yog hais tias qhov kev sib cuag yog xoob, thaum lub teeb lub taub hau hloov mus, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev poob siab tam sim no vim yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub voj voog, yog li hlawv cov filament, thiab yog tias qhov kev sib cuag yog oxidized, nws yuav txo qhov ci ntawm lub teeb vim mus rau qhov nce ntawm kev sib cuag siab poob.
Yog tias koj xav paub ntau ntxiv, txuas ntxiv nyeem lwm cov lus ntawm lub xaib no!
Thov hu rau peb yog tias koj xav tau cov khoom zoo li no.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. tau cog lus los muag MG & MAUXS tsheb qhov chaw txais tos yuav.
